Anemia decreases the capacity for work and increases health care costs. 1, 2 The prevalence of anemia increases with age 3 and in the hospital setting. 1, 2 Iron deficiency is the predominant cause of anemia across countries and in both sexes, with women more commonly afflicted. This facilitates the identification and treatment of the underlying condition and avoids the unnecessary use of invasive methods and their associated risks.Īnemia affects one-fourth of the worlds population, accounting for 8.8% of the total global burden of disease. In addition, it includes a management algorithm that can help the clinician determine which patients are in need of further gastrointestinal evaluation. This article provides a critical summary of the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Treatment options include oral and intravenous iron therapy however, the efficacy of oral iron is limited in certain gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and autoimmune gastritis. Proper management improves quality of life, alleviates the symptoms of iron deficiency, and reduces the need for blood transfusions.
Patients with iron deficiency anemia of unknown etiology are frequently referred to a gastroenterologist because in the majority of cases the condition has a gastrointestinal origin. Anemia is associated with chronic fatigue, impaired cognitive function, and diminished well-being. Anemia affects one-fourth of the world’s population, and iron deficiency is the predominant cause.
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